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Մասնակից:Emptyfear/ԱՄՆ

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Պատմական բնակչություն
ՄարդահամարԲնակ.Note%±
17903 929 214—
18005 308 483351%
18107 239 881364%
18209 638 453331%
183012 866 020335%
184017 069 453327%
185023 191 876359%
186031 443 321356%
187038 558 371226%
188050 189 209302%
189062 979 766255%
190076 212 168210%
191092 228 496210%
1920106 021 537150%
1930123 202 624162%
1940132 164 56973%
1950151 325 798145%
1960179 323 175185%
1970203 211 926133%
1980226 545 805115%
1990248 709 87398%
2000281 421 906132%
2010308 745 53897%
2017[1] (est.)325 719 178Արտահայտության սխալ․ չճանաչված կետադրական նշան՝ «»։
1610–1780 population data.[2]
Note that the census numbers do
not include Native Americans until 1860.[3]

Կրոն խմբագրել

Հիմնական հոդված՝ Religion in the United States
Religious affiliation in the U.S. (2014)[4]
Affiliation % of U.S. population
Christian 70.6 70.6
 
 70.6
 
Protestant 46.5 46.5
 
 46.5
 
Evangelical Protestant 25.4 25.4
 
 25.4
 
Mainline Protestant 14.7 14.7
 
 14.7
 
Black church 6.5 6.5
 
 6.5
 
Catholic 20.8 20.8
 
 20.8
 
Mormon 1.6 1.6
 
 1.6
 
Jehovah's Witnesses 0.8 0.8
 
 0.8
 
Eastern Orthodox 0.5 0.5
 
 0.5
 
Other Christian 0.4 0.4
 
 0.4
 
Jewish 1.9 1.9
 
 1.9
 
Muslim 0.9 0.9
 
 0.9
 
Buddhist 0.7 0.7
 
 0.7
 
Hindu 0.7 0.7
 
 0.7
 
Other faiths 1.8 1.8
 
 1.8
 
Irreligious 22.8 22.8
 
 22.8
 
Nothing in particular 15.8 15.8
 
 15.8
 
Agnostic 4.0 4
 
 4
 
Atheist 3.1 3.1
 
 3.1
 
Don't know or refused answer 0.6 0.6
 
 0.6
 

The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion and forbids Congress from passing laws respecting its establishment.

Christianity is by far the most common religion practiced in the U.S., but other religions are followed, too. In a 2013 survey, 56% of Americans said that religion played a "very important role in their lives", a far higher figure than that of any other wealthy nation.[5] In a 2009 Gallup poll, 42% of Americans said that they attended church weekly or almost weekly; the figures ranged from a low of 23% in Vermont to a high of 63% in Mississippi.[6]

As with other Western countries, the U.S. is becoming less religious. Irreligion is growing rapidly among Americans under 30.[7] Polls show that overall American confidence in organized religion has been declining since the mid to late 1980s,[8] and that younger Americans in particular are becoming increasingly irreligious.[4][9] According to a 2012 study, the Protestant share of the U.S. population had dropped to 48%, thus ending its status as religious category of the majority for the first time.[10][11] Americans with no religion have 1.7 children compared to 2.2 among Christians. The unaffiliated are less likely to get married with 37% marrying compared to 52% of Christians.[12]

According to a 2014 survey, 70.6% of adults in the United States identified themselves as Christians;[13] Protestants accounted for 46.5% of them, while Roman Catholics, at 20.8%, formed the largest single denomination.[14] In 2014, 5.9% of the U.S. adult population claimed a non-Christian religion.[14] These include Judaism (1.9%), Islam (0.9%), Buddhism (0.7%), and Hinduism (0.7%).[14] The survey also reported that 22.8% of Americans described themselves as agnostic, atheist or simply having no religion—up from 8.2% in 1990.[14][15][16] There are also Unitarian Universalist, Scientologist, Baha'i, Sikh, Jain, Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, Druid, Native American, Wiccan, humanist and deist communities.[17]

Protestantism is the largest Christian religious grouping in the United States, accounting for almost half of all Americans. Baptists collectively form the largest branch of Protestantism at 15.4%,[18] and the Southern Baptist Convention is the largest individual Protestant denomination at 5.3% of the U.S. population.[18] Lutheranism in the United States has its origin in immigration from Scandinavia and Germany. North and South Dakota are the only states where a plurality of the population is Lutheran. Presbyterianism was introduced in North America by Scottish and Ulster Scots immigrants. Although it has expanded across the country, it is heavily concentrated on the East Coast. Dutch Reformed congregations were founded first in New Amsterdam (New York City) before spreading westward. Other Protestant categories with a more dispersed membership include nondenominational Protestants, Methodists, Pentecostals, unspecified Protestants, Episcopalians/Anglicans, Holiness, Adventists, Anabaptists, Christian fundamentalists, various Reformed, Pietists, Quakers, and multiple others.[18] Roman Catholicism in the United States has its origin primarily in the Spanish and French colonization of the Americas, as well as in the English colony of Maryland.[19] It later grew because of Irish, Italian, Polish, German and Hispanic immigration. Rhode Island has the highest percentage of Catholics, with 40 percent of the total population.[20] Utah is the only state where Mormonism is the religion of the majority of the population. The Mormon Corridor also extends to parts of Idaho, Nevada and Wyoming.[21] Eastern Orthodoxy is claimed by 5% of people in Alaska, a former Russian colony, and maintains a presence on the U.S. mainland due to recent immigration from Eastern Europe. Finally, a number of other Christian groups are active across the country, including the Jehovah's Witnesses, Restorationists, Churches of Christ, Christian Scientists and many others.

The Bible Belt is an informal term for a region in the Southern United States in which socially conservative evangelical Protestantism is a significant part of the culture and Christian church attendance across the denominations is generally higher than the nation's average. By contrast, religion plays the least important role in New England and in the Western United States.[6]

Ընտանիքի կառուցվածք խմբագրել

Հիմնական հոդված՝ Family structure in the United States

As of 2007, 58% of Americans age 18 and over were married, 6% were widowed, 10% were divorced, and 25% had never been married.[22] Women now work mostly outside the home and receive a majority of bachelor's degrees.[23]

The U.S. teenage pregnancy rate is 26.5 per 1,000 women. The rate has declined by 57% since 1991.[24] In 2013, the highest teenage birth rate was in Alabama, and the lowest in Wyoming.[24][25] Abortion is legal throughout the U.S., owing to Roe v. Wade, a 1973 landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. While the abortion rate is falling, the abortion ratio of 241 per 1,000 live births and abortion rate of 15 per 1,000 women aged 15–44 remain higher than those of most Western nations.[26] In 2013, the average age at first birth was 26 and 40.6% of births were to unmarried women.[27]

The total fertility rate (TFR) was estimated for 2013 at 1.86 births per woman.[28] Adoption in the United States is common and relatively easy from a legal point of view (compared to other Western countries).[29] In 2001, with over 127,000 adoptions, the U.S. accounted for nearly half of the total number of adoptions worldwide.[30] Same-sex marriage is legal nationwide and it is legal for same-sex couples to adopt. Polygamy is illegal throughout the U.S.[31]

  1. ↑ «Population estimates, July 1, 2017, (V2017)». US Census Bureau.
  2. ↑ «CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics» (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2004. էջ 1168. Վերցված է August 20, 2015-ին.
  3. ↑ Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990.... U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved May 28, 2013.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 «America's Changing Religious Landscape». Pew Research Center: Religion & Public Life. May 12, 2015.
  5. ↑ «Religion». Gallup. June 2013. Վերցված է January 10, 2014-ին.
  6. ↑ 6,0 6,1 «Mississippians Go to Church the Most; Vermonters, Least». Gallup. Վերցված է January 13, 2014-ին.
  7. ↑ Merica, Dan (June 12, 2012). «Pew Survey: Doubt of God Growing Quickly among Millennials». CNN. Վերցված է June 14, 2012-ին.
  8. ↑ Hooda, Samreen (July 12, 2012). «American Confidence in Organized Religion at All Time Low». Huffington Post. Վերցված է July 14, 2012-ին.
  9. ↑ «Religion Among the Millennials». The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. Վերցված է August 29, 2012-ին.
  10. ↑ «"Nones" on the Rise: One-in-Five Adults Have No Religious Affiliation» (PDF).
  11. ↑ «US Protestants no longer a majority – study». BBC News.
  12. ↑ «Mormons more likely to marry, have more children than other U.S. religious groups». Pew Research Center. May 22, 2015.
  13. ↑ «Church Statistics and Religious Affiliations». Pew Research. Վերցված է September 23, 2014-ին.
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 14,2 14,3 «"Nones" on the Rise». Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. 2012. Վերցված է January 10, 2014-ին.
  15. ↑ Barry A. Kosmin; Egon Mayer; Ariela Keysar (December 19, 2001). «American Religious Identification Survey 2001» (PDF). CUNY Graduate Center. Վերցված է September 16, 2011-ին.
  16. ↑ «United States». Վերցված է May 2, 2013-ին.
  17. ↑ Media, Minorities, and Meaning: A Critical Introduction — Page 88, Debra L. Merskin – 2010
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 18,2 «America's Changing Religious Landscape». Pew Research Center: Religion & Public Life. May 12, 2015.
  19. ↑ Richard Middleton, COLONIAL AMERICA, A HISTORY, 1565–1776, third edition (London: Blackwell, 2002) pp 95-103.
  20. ↑ «U.S. Religion Map and Religious Populations – U.S. Religious Landscape Study – Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life». Religions.pewforum.org. Վերցված է February 26, 2014-ին.
  21. ↑ Walsh, Margaret (January 2005). The American West. Visions and Revisions. Cambridge University Press. էջ 124. ISBN 978-0-521-59671-8.
  22. ↑ «Table 55—Marital Status of the Population by Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1990 to 2007» (PDF). Statistical Abstract of the United States 2009. U.S. Census Bureau. Վերցված է October 11, 2009-ին.
  23. ↑ «Women's Advances in Education». Columbia University, Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy. 2006. Արխիվացված է օրիգինալից June 9, 2007-ին. Վերցված է June 6, 2007-ին.
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 «Births: Final Data for 2013, tables 2, 3» (PDF). U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Վերցված է July 23, 2015-ին.
  25. ↑ «Trends in Teen Pregnancy and Childbearing». U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Վերցված է July 23, 2015-ին.
  26. ↑ Strauss, Lilo T.; և այլք: (November 24, 2006). «Abortion Surveillance—United States, 2003». MMWR. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Reproductive Health. Վերցված է June 17, 2007-ին.
  27. ↑ «FASTSTATS – Births and Natality». Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. November 21, 2013. Վերցված է January 13, 2014-ին.
  28. ↑ Wetzstein, Cheryl (May 28, 2014). «U.S. fertility plummets to record low». The Washington Times. Վերցված է August 20, 2014-ին.
  29. ↑ Jardine, Cassandra (October 31, 2007). «Why adoption is so easy in America». The Daily Telegraph. London.
  30. ↑ «Child Adoption: Trends and policies» (PDF). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2009. Վերցված է October 25, 2015-ին.
  31. ↑ Hagerty, Barbara Bradley (May 27, 2008). «Some Muslims in U.S. Quietly Engage in Polygamy». National Public Radio: All Things Considered. Վերցված է July 23, 2009-ին. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (օգնություն)
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