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{{About|the [[Municipalities of South Africa|municipality]]|the city itself|Cape Town}}
{{Use South African English|date=May 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = City of Cape Town
| official_name =
| other_name =
| native_name = {{native name|italics=no|af|Stad Kaapstad}}<br/>{{native name|italics=no|xh|IsiXeko saseKapa}}
| settlement_type = [[Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)|Metropolitan municipality]]
<!-- images, nickname --->
| image_seal = [[File:City of Cape Town logo.svg|250px]]
| seal_size = 150x100px
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map = Map of the Western Cape with Cape Town highlighted (2011).svg
| mapsize =
| map_alt = The City of Cape Town is located in the south-western corner of the Western Cape province.
| map_caption = Location in the Western Cape
|coordinates = {{coord|34|0|S|18|30|E|region:ZA_type:adm2nd_dim:50km|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[South Africa]]
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = [[Western Cape]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of South Africa|District]]
| subdivision_name2 =
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat = [[Cape Town]]
| parts_type = [[Ward (South Africa)|Wards]]
|parts = 115
<!-- government leaders -->
| government_footnotes = <ref name="muni_mayor">{{cite web |url=http://www.gcis.gov.za/gcis/gcis_list.jsp?id=14&heading=Executive%20Mayors |title=Contact list: Executive Mayors |publisher=Government Communication & Information System |access-date=22 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100714013749/http://www.gcis.gov.za/gcis/gcis_list.jsp?id=14&heading=Executive%20Mayors |archive-date=14 July 2010 |df=dmy }}</ref>
| government_type = [[Municipal council]]
| leader_party = [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|DA]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Geordin Hill-Lewis]]
| leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor
| leader_name1 = [[Eddie Andrews]] ([[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|DA]])
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 2445
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes = <ref name="muni_population">{{cite web |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/?page_id=964 |title=Statistics by place |publisher=Statistics South Africa |access-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>
| population_total = 3740026
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1 = Racial makeup {{nobold|(2011)}}
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name="muni_population"/>
| demographics1_title1 = {{nobold|[[Bantu-speaking peoples of South Africa|Black African]]}}
| demographics1_info1 = 38.6%
| demographics1_title2 = {{nobold|[[Coloureds|Coloured]]}}
| demographics1_info2 = 42.4%
| demographics1_title3 = {{nobold|[[Indian South African|Indian]]/[[Asian South African|Asian]]}}
| demographics1_info3 = 1.4%
| demographics1_title4 = {{nobold|[[White South African|White]]}}
| demographics1_info4 = 15.7%
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2 = [[First language]]s {{nobold|(2011)}}
| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="muni_population" />
| demographics2_title1 = {{nobold|[[Afrikaans]]}}
| demographics2_info1 = 35.7%
| demographics2_title2 = {{nobold|[[Xhosa language|Xhosa]]}}
| demographics2_info2 = 29.8%
| demographics2_title3 = {{nobold|[[English language|English]]}}
| demographics2_info3 = 28.4%
| demographics2_title4 =
| demographics2_info4 = %
| demographics2_title5 = {{nobold|Other}}
| demographics2_info5 = 6.1%
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1 = [[South African Standard Time|SAST]]
| utc_offset1 = +2
<!-- Municipal code -->
| blank_name_sec1 = Municipal code
| blank_info_sec1 = CPT
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| footnotes =
}}
The '''City of Cape Town''' ({{lang-af|Stad Kaapstad}}; {{lang-xh|IsiXeko saseKapa}}) is the [[metropolitan municipality (South Africa)|metropolitan municipality]] which governs the city of [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]] and all of its [[suburb]]s and [[Commuter town|exurbs]]. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 3,740,026.
The remote [[Prince Edward Islands]] are deemed to be part of the City of Cape Town, specifically of ward 55.
==History==
{{See also|History of Cape Town|Timeline of Cape Town}}
Cape Town first received local self-government in 1839, with the promulgation of a municipal ordinance by the government of the [[Cape Colony]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Cape Town: The Making of a City |last=Worden |first=Nigel |author2=van Heyningen, Elizabeth |author3=Bickford-Smith, Vivian |year= 1998 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=90-6550-161-4 |pages=171–177 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ntsyoxWIB44C}}</ref> When it was created, the Cape Town municipality governed only the central part of the city known as the [[City Bowl]], and as the city expanded, new suburbs became new municipalities, until by 1902 there were 10 separate municipalities in the [[Cape Peninsula]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Cape Town: The Making of a City |last=Worden |first=Nigel |author2=van Heyningen, Elizabeth |author3=Bickford-Smith, Vivian |year= 1998 |publisher=Uitgeverij Verloren |isbn=90-6550-161-4 |pages=221–223 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ntsyoxWIB44C}}</ref> During the 20th century, many of the inner suburban municipalities became unsustainable; in 1913 the first major unification took place when the municipalities of Cape Town, [[Green Point, Cape Town|Green Point]] and [[Sea Point]], [[Woodstock, Cape Town|Woodstock]], [[Mowbray, Cape Town|Mowbray]], [[Rondebosch]], [[Claremont, Cape Town|Claremont]], [[Maitland, Cape Town|Maitland]], and [[Kalk Bay]] were unified to create the first City of Cape Town. In 1927 the municipality of [[Wynberg, Cape Town|Wynberg]] was also merged with Cape Town, with the result that all of the [[Southern Suburbs, Cape Town|Southern Suburbs]] were incorporated into the City.
Many new municipalities were established during the 20th century. [[Durbanville]] achieved municipal status in 1901, [[Goodwood, Western Cape|Goodwood]] in 1938, [[Parow, Western Cape|Parow]] in 1939, [[Bellville, Western Cape|Bellville]] and [[Fish Hoek]] in 1940, [[Pinelands, Cape Town|Pinelands]] in 1948, [[Kuils River]] in 1950, [[Milnerton]] in 1955, [[Kraaifontein]] in 1957, [[Gordon's Bay]] in 1961, [[Brackenfell]] in 1970.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Peter E |last1=Raper |first2=Lucie A |last2=Möller |first3=L Theodorus |last3=du Plessis |title=Dictionary of Southern African Place Names |edition=4th |year=2014 |publisher=Jonathan Ball |location=Johannesburg |isbn=978-1-868425-49-5}}</ref> In 1979 Bellville was upgraded to city status. The areas not included in a municipality were governed by divisional councils. Most of the Cape metropolitan area fell under the Divisional Council of the Cape, while the eastern parts around Brackenfell, Kuils River and the Helderberg area formed part of the Divisional Council of Stellenbosch, and an area in the northeast around Kraaifontein formed part of the Divisional Council of Paarl.
In earlier years the right to vote in local elections was not restricted by race (see [[Cape Qualified Franchise]]), but the policies of the [[apartheid]] government aimed for complete segregation of local government. A 1962 amendment to the [[Group Areas Act]] introduced management committees for the areas designated for [[coloured]] and [[Indian South African|Indian]] residents. These management committees were subordinate to the existing local authority{{—}}either a municipality or the divisional council. From 1972 no new non-white voters could be registered as voters for municipal or divisional councils, and existing non-white voters lost their voting rights when a management committee was established for the area where they lived.
In 1982 the [[Black Local Authorities Act, 1982|Black Local Authorities Act]] created elected town councils for [[Ethnic groups in South Africa#Black South Africans|black]] communities. Five such councils were established in the Cape metropolitan areas. They were generally regarded as under-resourced and unsustainable, and were opposed by the [[United Democratic Front (South Africa)|United Democratic Front]] and other civic organisations. Turnout in BLA elections was very low.
In 1987 the divisional councils of the Cape, Paarl and Stellenbosch were dissolved and the Western Cape Regional Services Council (RSC) was created in their place. The RSC councils were indirectly elected, consisting of representatives nominated by all the local authorities within its area, including municipalities, management committees and town councils. The Cape Rural Council represented the rural areas of the RSC that were not included in any local authority. Also in 1987, an act of the [[House of Assembly (South Africa)|House of Assembly]] allowed the creation of local councils for white communities in [[peri-urban]] areas.
Thus at the end of [[apartheid]] in 1994, there were over 50 different local authorities in existence in the metropolitan area, listed below.<ref>The ''Cape Metropolitan Enactment, 1995'' (Western Cape Proclamation No. 18 of 1995, published in Provincial Gazette No. 4929 on 6 February 1995) lists 59 local authorities dissolved on the creation of the Cape Metropolitan Council and the transitional metropolitan substructures.</ref>
{{div col}}
* Western Cape Regional Services Council (RSC)
** Cape Rural Council
* Cities
** City of Cape Town
** City of [[Bellville, Western Cape|Bellville]]
* Municipalities
** [[Brackenfell]] Municipality
** [[Durbanville]] Municipality
** [[Fish Hoek]] Municipality
** [[Goodwood, Western Cape|Goodwood]] Municipality
** [[Gordon's Bay]] Municipality
** [[Kraaifontein]] Municipality
** [[Kuils River]] Municipality
** [[Milnerton]] Municipality
** [[Parow, Western Cape|Parow]] Municipality
** [[Pinelands, Cape Town|Pinelands]] Municipality
** [[Simon's Town]] Municipality
** [[Somerset West]] Municipality
** [[Strand, Western Cape|Strand]] Municipality
* Management Committees ''(indicating in brackets the local authority to which they were subordinated)''
** [[Athlone, Cape Town|Athlone]] and District MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Atlantis, Western Cape|Atlantis]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Belhar]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Cravenby]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Elsie's River]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Grassy Park]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Kensington, Cape Town|Kensington]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Kraaifontein]] MC ''(Kraaifontein Municipality)''
** [[Macassar, Western Cape|Macassar]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Matroosfontein]]/Nooitgedacht MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Melton Rose]]/[[Blue Downs]]/[[Delft, Cape Town|Delft]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Mitchells Plain]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Morningstar, Cape Town|Morningstar]] MC ''(Durbanville Municipality)''
** [[Ocean View, Cape Town|Ocean View]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Proteaville]] MC ''(City of Bellville)''
** [[Ravensmead]] MC ''(Parow Municipality)''
** [[Retreat, Cape Town|Retreat]]/[[Steenberg, Cape Town|Steenberg]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Rylands Estate]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Sarepta, Cape Town|Sarepta]] MC ''(Kuils River Municipality)''
** [[Bo-Kaap|Schotschekloof]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Scottsdene]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Sir Lowry's Pass Village|Sir Lowry's Pass]] MC ''(RSC)''
** [[Strand, Western Cape|Strand]] MC ''(Strand Municipality)''
** [[Strandfontein, Cape Town|Strandfontein]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Temperance Town, Gordon's Bay|Temperance Town]] MC ''(Gordon's Bay Municipality)''
** [[Wittebome]]/[[Wynberg, Cape Town|Wynberg]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
** [[Woodstock, Cape Town|Woodstock]]/[[Walmer Estate]]/[[Salt River, Cape Town|Salt River]] MC ''(City of Cape Town)''
* Town Councils
** [[Crossroads, Western Cape|Crossroads]] Town Council
** iKapa Town Council ([[Langa, Western Cape|Langa]], [[Gugulethu]] and [[Nyanga, Western Cape|Nyanga]])
** Lingelethu West Town Council ([[Khayelitsha]])
** [[Lwandle]] Town Council
** [[Mfuleni]] Town Council
* Local Councils
** [[Atlantis, Western Cape|Atlantis]] Industria LC
** [[Bloubergstrand]] LC
** [[Constantia, Cape Town|Constantia]] LC
** [[Kommetjie]] LC
** [[Llandudno, Western Cape|Llandudno]] LC
** [[Melkbosstrand]] LC
** [[Noordhoek, Western Cape|Noordhoek]] LC
** [[Ottery, Cape Town|Ottery East]] LC
** [[Scarborough, Western Cape|Scarborough]] LC
* [[Mamre, Western Cape|Mamre]] Board of Management
{{div col end}}
As part of the post-1994 reforms, municipal government experienced a complete overhaul. The existing local authorities, political parties, ratepayers' organisations, and community organisations were brought together into a negotiating forum. This forum agreed on the creation of a two-level local government system consisting of multiple transitional metropolitan substructures (TMSs), brought together in a transitional metropolitan council named the Cape Metropolitan Council (CMC). The CMC would replace the Regional Services Council and take over its responsibilities; it would also be responsible for metro-level planning and co-ordination, improving service delivery in disadvantaged areas, and cross-subsidization of poorer areas with revenue from affluent areas. Initially, in a period called the "pre-interim phase", the existing local authorities would become TMSs but their councils would be replaced by councillors nominated by the members of the negotiating forum. This agreement came into effect, and the pre-interim phase began, on 1 February 1995.
The second phase of the transformation, known as the "interim phase" began on [[1995–96 South African municipal elections|29 May 1996 when local elections were held]]. The pre-interim TMSs were dissolved, and six new TMSs were established covering the whole metropolitan area: City of Cape Town (Central), City of Tygerberg, South Peninsula Municipality, Blaauwberg Municipality, Oostenberg Municipality, and Helderberg Municipality. The Cape Metropolitan Council continued with its coordinating functions.
In 1998 Parliament enacted legislation (the Municipal Structures Act) determining the final form of local government in post-apartheid South Africa. This legislation determined that metropolitan areas would be governed by unified [[metropolitan municipality (South Africa)|metropolitan municipalities]]. [[2000 South African municipal elections|Local elections were held on 5 December 2000]]; the Cape Metropolitan Council and the six interim TMSs were dissolved and replaced by the unified City of Cape Town. It is for this reason that the City of Cape Town is sometimes referred to as the "Unicity".<ref name="lgbn" >{{cite web|url=http://lgbn.co.za/home/index.php/western-cape?pid=86&sid=64:city-of-cape-town-metropolitan-municipality |title=City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality |website=lgbn.co.za (Local Government Business Network) |access-date=22 March 2019 }}</ref> At the time of the 2000 election the northern boundary of the metropolitan area was also extended to include [[Philadelphia, Western Cape|Philadelphia]], [[Klipheuwel]], and the surrounding farmland.
The current municipality covers [[Cape Point]] in the south-west, [[Somerset West]] in the south-east, and [[Atlantis, Western Cape|Atlantis]] in the north, and includes [[Robben Island]].
{{Gallery
|title=Local government transition in Cape Town from 1994 to 2000
|width=200
|align=center
|Map of local government in Cape Town at the end of apartheid (1994).svg |The situation in 1994, with a large variety of different local authorities divided on the basis of race.
|Map of local government in Cape Town in the pre-interim phase (1995-6).svg |The "pre-interim phase" (1995–96), in which local authorities were transformed into Transitional Metropolitan Substructures under the Cape Metropolitan Council (CMC).
|Map of local government in Cape Town in the interim phase (1996-2000).svg|The "interim phase" (1996–2000), in which the metropolitan area was divided into six municipalities under the CMC.
|Map of local government in Cape Town at the end of the transition period (2001).svg|The formation of the Unicity at the end of 2000, replacing the municipalities and the CMC.
}}
== Politics and government ==
=== Council ===
{{Politics of Western Cape}}
Cape Town is governed by a 231-member city council elected in a system of [[mixed-member proportional representation]]. The city is divided into 116 [[ward (South Africa)|wards]], each of which elects a councillor by [[first-past-the-post voting]]. The remaining 115 councillors are elected from [[party list]]s so that the total number of councillors for each party is proportional to the number of votes received by that party.
The makeup of the council after the [[2021 South African municipal elections|2021 election]] is shown in the following table.<ref name="seatcalc2021" />
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:right"
|-
!colspan=2| Party
! Ward !! PR list !! Total !! Percentage of council seats
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Democratic Alliance (South Africa)}}
| 83 || 53 || 136 || 58.9%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |African National Congress}}
| 33 || 10 || 43 || 18.6%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Economic Freedom Fighters}}
| 0 || 10 || 10 || 4.3%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Good (political party)}}
| 0 || 9 || 9 || 3.9%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Cape Coloured Congress}}
| 0 || 7 ||7 || 3.0%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |African Christian Democratic Party}}
| 0 || 6 || 6|| 2.6%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Freedom Front Plus}}
| 0 || 4 || 4 || 1.7%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Patriotic Alliance (South Africa)}}
| 0 || 4 || 4 || 1.7%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Al Jama-ah}}
| 0 || 3 || 3 || 1.3%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Africa Restoration Alliance}}
| 0 || 2 || 2 || 0.9%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Cape Independence Party}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |United Independent Movement}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Cape Muslim Congress}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |United Democratic Movement}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |African Independent Congress}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Pan Africanist Congress of Azania}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|{{Full party name with color |Democratic Independent Party (South Africa)}}
| 0 || 1 || 1 || 0.4%
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| '''Total'''
| '''116''' || '''115''' || '''231''' || '''100.0%'''
|}
The [[speaker (politics)|speaker]] of the council is Felicity Purchase of the Democratic Alliance.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Charles|first=Marvin|title=City of Cape Town council elects Felicity Purchase as new Speaker|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/southafrica/news/city-of-cape-town-council-elects-felicity-purchase-as-new-speaker-20210521|access-date=2021-11-06|website=News24|language=en-US}}</ref>
The council is divided into 24 [[Subcouncils of the City of Cape Town|subcouncils]] which deal with local functions for between three and six wards. A subcouncil consists of the ward councillors and a similar number of proportionally-elected councillors assigned to the subcouncil.<ref>[https://openbylaws.org.za/za-cpt/act/by-law/2003/sub-council/ Cape Town Sub-council By-law, 2003, as amended.]</ref> A subcounil is chaired by one of the councillors and appoints a manager to run its day-to-day business. A subcouncil does not have any inherent responsibilities in law, but it is entitled to make recommendations to the [[Cape Town City Council|City Council]] about anything that affects its area. The City Council may also delegate responsibilities to the subcouncils.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/councilonline/Pages/Subcouncil.aspx |title=Subcouncils |publisher=City of Cape Town |access-date=2008-04-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613123037/http://www.capetown.gov.za/EN/COUNCILONLINE/Pages/Subcouncil.aspx |archive-date=13 June 2008}}</ref>
===Executive===
{{See also|Mayor of Cape Town}}
The executive authority for the city is vested in an Executive Mayor who is elected by the council. The mayor appoints a mayoral committee whose members oversee various portfolios. A City Manager is appointed as the non-political head of the city's administration.
With the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]] (DA) having won an absolute majority of council seats in the [[2021 South African municipal elections|election of 1 November 2021]], its mayoral candidate [[Geordin Hill-Lewis]], who had been a Member of Parliament since 2011, was elected.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WATCH: Geordin Hill-Lewis officially becomes Cape Town's youngest mayor after council vote|url=https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/news/watch-geordin-hill-lewis-officially-becomes-cape-towns-youngest-mayor-after-council-vote-b56e46eb-336d-41fa-8486-32085841e63f|access-date=2021-11-18|website=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref>
The Mayoral Committee consists of 10 members who are appointed by the Executive Mayor. Each member manages a different area of the local government.
The current city manager is Lungelo Mbandazayo. He had been the acting city manager since the former city manager Achmat Ebrahim, who was appointed in April 2006, resigned in January 2018 amid misconduct allegations. He was formally appointed city manager in April 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/city-of-cape-town-announces-new-city-manager-20180426 |title=Archived copy |access-date=26 May 2018 |archive-date=15 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815085442/https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/city-of-cape-town-announces-new-city-manager-20180426 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The local municipality was one of the four to have passed the 2009-10 audit by the [[Auditor-General of South Africa]], who deemed it to have a clean administration.<ref name="audit">{{Cite web |url=http://www.agsa.co.za/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=KrCmgbSP7gQ%3d&tabid=99&mid=752 |title=Auditor-General urges South Africa's mayors to lead the drive towards clean administration by 2014 |access-date=8 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223055508/http://www.agsa.co.za/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=KrCmgbSP7gQ%3D&tabid=99&mid=752 |archive-date=23 February 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
===Electoral history===
[[File:Helen Zille - two.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Helen Zille]], former mayor of the City of Cape Town.]]
{{Main|City of Cape Town elections}}
The City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality in its present form took shape after the 2000 municipal elections. The old Central Cape Town MLC council had been governed by the [[New National Party (South Africa)|New National Party]] (NNP), but they were losing support to the [[African National Congress]] (ANC) and the [[Democratic Party (South Africa)|Democratic Party]] (DP). Fearing further losses, the NNP agreed to contest the upcoming local election in December 2000 together with the DP by forming the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]] (DA), with DP and NNP members running as DA candidates. The DA won Cape Town with an outright majority, and [[Peter Marais]], also a senior member of the provincial NNP, became mayor of the unicity. However, DA leader [[Tony Leon]]'s attempt to remove Marais from his position in 2001 caused the disintegration of the alliance, and NNP came to ally with the ANC. Marais was replaced as mayor by [[Gerald Morkel]], but Morkel was himself soon ousted during the October 2002 local floor crossing period after a large number of DA councillors had defected to the NNP. [[Nomaindia Mfeketo]] of the ANC became mayor supported by an ANC-NNP coalition. In 2004, after a dismal showing in the general elections that year, the NNP prepared for dissolution and merger with the ANC, and most of its councillors joined the governing party. This gave the ANC an outright majority on the council, which lasted until the next election.
In the [[South African municipal election, 2006|2006 local government election]], the DA was the largest single party, ahead of the ANC, but with no party holding a majority. The new
[[Independent Democrats]] (ID) led by [[Patricia de Lille]] was in third place.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elections.org.za/lgeresults/Static%20Report/95/Seats%20by%20Municipality%20LCMC/CPT-1.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060318004628/http://www.elections.org.za/lgeresults/Static%20Report/95/Seats%20by%20Municipality%20LCMC/CPT-1.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2006 |title=Seat Calculation Summary: City of Cape Town |access-date=15 March 2006|year=2006 |publisher=Independent Electoral Commission |url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[African Christian Democratic Party]] (ACDP) initiated negotiations with five other smaller parties who together formed a kingmaker block of fifteen councillors, collectively known as the Multi-Party Forum parties. Despite the ID voting with the ANC, Helen Zille of the DA was elected executive mayor on 15 March 2006 by a very narrow margin with the support of the Multi-Party Forum. [[Andrew Arnolds]] of the ACDP was elected executive deputy mayor and [[Jacob "Dirk" Smit]] of the [[Freedom Front Plus]] (FF+) was elected speaker. The initially fragile position of this new DA-led coalition, also known as the Multi-Party Government, was improved in January 2007 with the introduction of the ID following the expulsion of the small [[Africa Muslim Party]] for conspiring with the ANC. As a result of the ID's support, the coalition significantly increased its majority, resulting in a much more stable city government. The ID's [[Charlotte Williams]] became executive deputy mayor. However, she resigned just a few months later, and the post then went to [[Grant Haskin]] of the ACDP in late 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/Pages/CllrGrantHaskinelected.aspx|title=Cllr. Grant Haskin elected as deputy executive mayor|publisher=City of Cape Town|date=31 October 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404033743/http://www.capetown.gov.za/en/Pages/CllrGrantHaskinelected.aspx|archive-date=4 April 2012}}</ref> The DA would also bolster its position through by-election victories and floor crossing defections. With the ID and DA together holding a firm council majority, several of the smaller coalition partners were dropped from the city government by the time of the 2009 general elections, including the ACDP and FF+. The DA's [[Ian Neilson]] became deputy mayor, while Dirk Smit, who had defected to the DA, retained the position of speaker. Helen Zille left the mayorship the same year to take up the position of premier of the Western Cape, and [[Dan Plato]] became mayor.
In 2010, the DA and ID formalized an agreement in which the ID would merge into the DA by 2014. This was prompted in part by the ID's disappointing result in the 2009 general election. As per the agreement, ID ceased to exist at the local level after the 2011 municipal elections with ID members running as DA candidates. DA won a large outright majority in the election, and ID leader Patricia de Lille, who had defeated Plato in an earlier internal election, became the new mayor. The party extended its lead even further to win a two-thirds majority of the seats on the City of Cape Town council in the 2016 municipal elections, and De Lille was thus sworn in to serve a second term. It was however cut short following her resignation on 31 October 2018 after an extended battle with her party over accusations of covering up corruption, accusations she strongly denied. The previous mayor Dan Plato was chosen as her successor.
The DA's [[Geordin Hill-Lewis]] was voted in as mayor after the 2021 local government elections.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WATCH: Geordin Hill-Lewis officially becomes Cape Town's youngest mayor after council vote|url=https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/news/watch-geordin-hill-lewis-officially-becomes-cape-towns-youngest-mayor-after-council-vote-b56e46eb-336d-41fa-8486-32085841e63f|access-date=2021-11-18|website=www.iol.co.za|language=en}}</ref>
The following table shows the results of the 2021 election.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://results.elections.org.za/home/LGEPublicReports/1091/Detailed%20Results/WP/CPT.pdf |title=Results Summary – All Ballots: City of Cape Town |publisher=Electoral Commission of South Africa |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="seatcalc2021">{{cite web |url=https://results.elections.org.za/home/LGEPublicReports/1091/Seat%20Calculation%20Detail/WP/CPT.pdf |title=Seat Calculation Detail: City of Cape Town |publisher=Electoral Commission of South Africa |website=IEC |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://results.elections.org.za/home/LGEPublicReports/1091/Voter%20Turnout/WP/CPT.pdf |title=Voter Turnout Report: City of Cape Town |publisher=Electoral Commission of South Africa |access-date=14 November 2021}}</ref>
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:right"
!colspan="9" align="center"| City of Cape Town local election, 1 November 2021
|-
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Party !!colspan="4" align="center"| Votes !!colspan="3" align="center"| Seats
|-
! Ward !! List !! Total !! % !! Ward !! List !! Total
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Democratic Alliance (South Africa)}}
| 524,373 || 537,284 || 1,061,657 || 58.3% || 83 || 53 || 136
|-
| {{Full party name with color |African National Congress}}
| 167,843 || 170,746 || 338,589 || 18.6% || 33 || 10 || 43
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Economic Freedom Fighters}}
| 37,233 || 37,876 || 75,109 || 4.1% || 0 || 10 || 10
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Good (political party)}}
| 35,678 || 33,648 || 69,326 || 3.8% || 0 || 9 || 9
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Cape Coloured Congress}}
| 25,060 || 25,793 || 50,853 || 2.8% || 0 || 7 || 7
|-
| {{Full party name with color |African Christian Democratic Party}}
| 21,621 || 20,817 || 42,438 || 2.3% || 0 || 6 || 6
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Freedom Front Plus}}
| 14,681 || 13,919 || 28,600 || 1.6% || 0 || 4 || 4
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Patriotic Alliance (South Africa)}}
| 13,960 || 13,084 || 27,044 || 1.5% || 0 || 4 || 4
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Al Jama-ah}}
| 11,961 || 10,823 || 22,784 || 1.3% || 0 || 3 || 3
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Africa Restoration Alliance}}
| 7,322 || 5,842 || 13,164 || 0.7% || 0 || 2 || 2
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Cape Independence Party}}
| 5,528 || 5,302 || 10,830 || 0.6% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |United Independent Movement}}
| 5,192 || 5,048 || 10,240 || 0.6% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Independent candidates}}
| 9,998 || – || 9,998 || 0.5% || 0 || – || 0
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Cape Muslim Congress}}
| 3,232 || 3,334 || 6,566 || 0.4% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |United Democratic Movement}}
| 2,476 || 3,099 || 5,575 || 0.3% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |African Independent Congress}}
| 2,854 || 2,594 || 5,448 || 0.3% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Pan Africanist Congress of Azania}}
| 1,818 || 2,723 || 4,541 || 0.2% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| {{Full party name with color |Democratic Independent Party (South Africa)}}
| 1,872 || 1,584 || 3,456 || 0.2% || 0 || 1 || 1
|-
| ||style="text-align:left"| 36 other parties
| 14,329 || 19,515 || 33,844 || 1.9% || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| '''Total'''
| '''907,031''' || '''913,031''' || '''1,820,062''' || || '''116''' || '''115''' || '''231'''
|-
|colspan="9"|
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| Valid votes
| 907,031 || 913,031 || 1,820,062 || 98.8%
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| [[Spoilt vote]]s
| 10,866 || 10,894 || 21,760 || 1.2%
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| '''Total votes cast'''
| '''917,897''' || '''923,925''' || '''1,841,822''' ||
|-
|colspan="6"|
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| Voter turnout
| 934,448
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| Registered voters
| 1,973,708
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:left"| Turnout percentage
| 47.3%
|}
==Demographics==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
! Group
! data-sort-type="number" | 2001 Census
! data-sort-type="number" | Proportion of population
! data-sort-type="number" | 2011 Census
! data-sort-type="number" | Proportion of population
! data-sort-type="number" | Change
! data-sort-type="number" | Change in proportion of population
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Coloureds|Coloured]]
| {{formatnum:1391859}}
| 48.12%
| {{formatnum:1585286}}
| 42.39%
| {{formatnum:193427}} {{increase}}
| 5.73% {{decrease}}
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Black people#Southern Africa|Black African]]
| {{formatnum:916459}}
| 31.69%
| {{formatnum:1444939}}
| 38.63%
| {{formatnum:528480}} {{increase}}
| 6.94% {{increase}}
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[White South African|White]]
| {{formatnum:542435}}
| 18.75%
| {{formatnum:585831}}
| 15.66%
| {{formatnum:43396}} {{increase}}
| 3.09% {{decrease}}
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Asian South Africans|Indian or Asian]]
| {{formatnum:41490}}
| 1.43%
| {{formatnum:51786}}
| 1.38%
| {{formatnum:10296}} {{increase}}
| 0.05% {{decrease}}
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | Other
| n/a
| –
| {{formatnum:72184}}
| 1.93%
| n/a {{nochange}}
| n/a {{nochange}}
|-
! style="text-align: left;" | Total population
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:2892243}}
! 100.00%
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:3740026}}
! 100.00%
! style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:847783}} {{increase}}
!
|}
==Geography==
The municipality has a total area of 2455 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="mdb">{{cite web |url=http://www.demarcation.org.za/PortalPages/Info_1.aspx?type=Metropolitan&code=CPT&Prov=Western%20Cape&sT=Metropolitan&to=&frm=home |title=City of Cape Town |publisher=Municipal Demarcation Board |access-date=19 October 2009 }}{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
===Main places===
The [[South African National Census of 2001|2001 census]] divided the municipality into the following [[Populated place|main places]]:<ref>[http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/html/lookuptables1.zip Lookup Tables - Statistics South Africa]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Place !! Code !! Population !! Most spoken language
|-
| [[Atlantis, Western Cape|Atlantis]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17101 17101] ||align=right| 53,820||[[Afrikaans]]
|-
| [[Bellville, Western Cape|Bellville]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17102 17102] ||align=right| 89,732||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Blue Downs]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17103 17103] ||align=right| 150,431||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Brackenfell]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17104 17104] ||align=right| 78,005||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Somerset West|Briza]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17105 17105] ||align=right| 1,959||[[English language|English]]
|-
| [[Cape Town]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17106 17106] ||align=right| 827,218||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Crossroads, Cape Town|Crossroads]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17108 17108] ||align=right| 31,527||[[Xhosa language|Xhosa]]
|-
| [[Dunoon, Cape Town|Dunoon]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17109 17109] ||align=right| 9,045||Xhosa
|-
| [[Durbanville]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17110 17110] ||align=right| 40,135||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Eerste River, Western Cape|Eerste River]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17111 17111] ||align=right| 29,682||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Elsie's River]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17112 17112] ||align=right| 86,685||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Klipheuwel|Excelsior]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17113 17113] ||align=right| 189||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Fisantekraal]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17114 17114] ||align=right| 4,646||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Fish Hoek]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17115 17115] ||align=right| 15,851||English
|-
| [[Goodwood, Cape Town|Goodwood]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17116 17116] ||align=right| 48,128||English
|-
| [[Gordons Bay]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17117 17117] ||align=right| 2,751||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Guguletu]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17118 17118] ||align=right| 80,277||Xhosa
|-
| [[Hottentots Holland Nature Reserve]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17119 17119] ||align=right| 18||Xhosa
|-
| [[Hout Bay]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17120 17120] ||align=right| 13,253||English
|-
| [[Imizamo Yethu]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17121 17121] ||align=right| 8,063||Xhosa
|-
| [[Joe Slovo Park]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17122 17122] ||align=right| 4,567||Xhosa
|-
| [[Khayelitsha]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17123 17123] ||align=right| 329,002||Xhosa
|-
| [[Kraaifontein]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17124 17124] ||align=right| 57,911||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Kuilsriver]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17125 17125] ||align=right| 44,780||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Langa, Cape Town|Langa]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17126 17126] ||align=right| 49,667||Xhosa
|-
| [[Lekkerwater]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17127 17127] ||align=right| 1,410||Xhosa
|-
| [[Lwandle]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17128 17128] ||align=right| 9,311||Xhosa
|-
| [[Mamre, Western Cape|Mamre]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17129 17129] ||align=right| 7,276||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Masiphumelele]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17130 17130] ||align=right| 8,249||Xhosa
|-
| [[Melkbosstrand]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17131 17131] ||align=right| 6,522||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Mfuleni]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17132 17132] ||align=right| 22,883||Xhosa
|-
| [[Milnerton]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17133 17133] ||align=right| 81,366||English
|-
| [[Mitchell's Plain]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17134 17134] ||align=right| 398,650||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Nomzamo]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17135 17135] ||align=right| 22,083||Xhosa
|-
| [[Noordhoek, Cape Town|Noordhoek]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17136 17136] ||align=right| 3,127||English
|-
| [[Nyanga, Cape Town|Nyanga]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17137 17137] ||align=right| 58,723||Xhosa
|-
| [[Parow, South Africa|Parow]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17138 17138] ||align=right| 77,439||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Pella, Western Cape|Pella]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17139 17139] ||align=right| 1,044||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Robben Island]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17140 17140] ||align=right| 176||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Scarborough, Cape Town|Scarborough]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17141 17141] ||align=right| 723||English
|-
| [[Simon's Town]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17142 17142] ||align=right| 7,210||English
|-
| [[Sir Lowry's Pass Village]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17143 17143] ||align=right| 5,766||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Somerset West]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17144 17144] ||align=right| 60,606||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Strand, Western Cape|Strand]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17145 17145] ||align=right| 46,446||Afrikaans
|-
| [[Witsand, Cape Town|Witsand]] || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17146 17146] ||align=right| 2,405||Xhosa
|-
| ''Remainder of the municipality'' || [http://census2001.adrianfrith.com/place/17107 17107] ||align=right| 14,498||Afrikaans
|}
===Adjacent municipalities===
* [[Swartland Local Municipality]], [[West Coast District Municipality]] (north)
* [[Drakenstein Local Municipality]], [[Cape Winelands District Municipality]] (northeast)
* [[Stellenbosch Local Municipality]], Cape Winelands District Municipality (northeast)
* [[Theewaterskloof Local Municipality]], [[Overberg District Municipality]] (southeast)
* [[Overstrand Local Municipality]], Overberg District Municipality (southeast)
The City of Cape Town is also bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the south and west.
==See also==
* [[Biodiversity of Cape Town]]
* [[Cape Town]]
* [[Metropolitan municipality (South Africa)]]
* [[List of Cape Town suburbs]]
* [[SEDS]] SEDS South Africa
* [[Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign]]
* [[Cape Town water crisis]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.capetown.gov.za/ City of Cape Town official website]
* [http://www.westerncape.gov.za/eng/your_gov/12107 City of Cape Town on the Western Cape Government website]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cape Town}}
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