«Մասնակից:ԱշոտՏՆՂ/2»–ի խմբագրումների տարբերություն
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Տող 42.
:{{note|5|Ե}} According to ''Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East'', it is "generally regarded" as the oldest cathedral in the world,<ref name="Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East">{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East|year=2008|publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]]|location=New York|isbn=978-1-4381-2676-0|page=65|editor=Stokes, Jamie|quote=Etchmiatzin is located in the west of modern Armenia, close to the border with Turkey, and its fourth-century cathedral is generally regarded as the oldest in the world.}}</ref> while historian of Christian-Muslim relations Steven Gertz wrote in ''[[Christianity Today]]'' that Etchmiadzin is regarded as such "according to some scholars."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Gertz|first=Steven|title=How Armenia "Invented" Christendom|journal=[[Christianity Today]]|location=Carol Stream, Illinois|publisher=Christianity Today International|issn=0009-5753|date=1 January 2005|issue=85|url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ch/2005/issue85/8.46.html}}</ref> Among those who support this view are French-Armenian architect [[Édouard Utudjian]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Utudjian|first=Édouard|title=Armenian Architecture: 4th to 17th Century|year=1968|publisher=Editions A. Morancé|location=Paris|oclc=464421|page=7|authorlink=Édouard Utudjian|quote=...the oldest cathedral in Christendom, that of Etchmiadzin, founded in the 4th century.}}</ref> [[Armenologists]] Sarkis Papajian,<ref>{{cite book|last=Papajian|first=Sarkis|title=A brief history of Armenia|date=1974|publisher=[[Armenian Evangelical Union of North America]]|location=Fresno, California|quote=...he built the Cathedral of Etchmiadzin (The descent of the Only Begotten). It is the oldest Christian Cathedral in existence.}}</ref> Elisabeth Bauer-Manndorff,<ref>{{cite book|last=Bauer-Manndorff|first=Elisabeth|title=Armenia: Past and Present|year=1981|publisher=Reich Verlag|location=Lucerne|oclc=8063377|quote=Etchmiadzin, with the world's oldest cathedral and the seat of the Catholicos, draws tourists from all over the world.}}</ref> priest & professor of liturgical studies Michael Daniel Findikyan,<ref>{{cite web|last=Findikyan|first=Michael Daniel|title=Eastern Liturgy in the West: The Case of Armenian Church|url=http://ism.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/Eastern%20Liturgy%20in%20the%20West.pdf|publisher=[[Yale University]]|accessdate=4 July 2014|quote=...the spot on which the first cathedral of Christendom would be built.}}</ref> and others.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Woodsworth|editor1-first=Judith|editor2-last=Delisle|editor2-first=Jean|editor1-link=Judith Woodsworth|title=Translators through History|contribution=Mesrop Mashtots and the flowering of Armenian culture|date=2012|publisher=[[John Benjamins Publishing Company]]|location=Amsterdam|isbn=9789027273819|page=6|edition=rev.|quote=...Echmiadzin Cathedral, the first cathedral in Christendom.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Benedict|first=C. T.|title=One God in One Man|date=2007|publisher=AuthorHouse|location=Milton Keynes|isbn=9781434301062|page=121|quote=The Holy Etchmiadzin cathedral, dates back to the fourth century, and is thought to be the oldest Christian cathedral in the world.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Holy Etchmiadzin|url=http://www.armenianchurch-ed.net/our-church/holy-etchmiadzin/|publisher=Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Eastern)|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140613183602/http://www.armenianchurch-ed.net/our-church/holy-etchmiadzin/|archivedate=13 June 2014|location=New York|quote=The cathedral dates back to the 4th century, and is reckoned the oldest Christian cathedral in world.}}</ref>
:{{note|6|Զ}} [[Malachia Ormanian]] suggested that the cathedral was built within seven months, from February to August 303 because "the construction material was ready and the building was not huge and probably, partially made of wood and the people's desire and effort [to build the cathedral] was great." He added, "It's not impossible to think that the base of the preexisting temple could have been used." Architecture researcher Vahagn Grigoryan dismisses these dates as "impossible" and states that at least several years were needed to built the cathedral. He cites [[Agathangelos]], who does not mention the cathedral in an episode that took place in 306. He instead suggests the usage of the span of 302 to 325—the reign of Gregory the Illuminator as Catholicos.{{sfn|Grigoryan|2012a|pp=28-29}}
:{{note|7|Է}} [[Alexander Sahinian]] dated the temple to the [[Urartian]] period.{{sfn|Arakelian|Yeremian|Arevshatian|Bartikian|1984|p=571}} (An Urartian [[stele]] was uncovered during archaeological excavations in the 1950s).<ref name="csufresno"/> The temple was dedicated to either goddess [[Anahit]]{{sfn|Payaslian|2007|p=37|ps=: "Churches replaced old pagan shrines in Ani and Vagharshapat; in the latter, the temple of Anahit was replaced by the Cathedral of Holy Echmiadzin...}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Bournoutian|first=George A.|authorlink1=George Bournoutian|title=A History of the Armenian People: Pre-history to 1500 A.D|date=1993|publisher=Mazda Publishers|location=Costa Mesa, California|isbn=9780939214969|page=64|quote=Following Gregory's vision, the great temple of Anahit in Vagharshapat was replaced by the cathedral of Edjmiadsin.}}</ref> or archangel [[Amesha Spenta|Sandaramet]],<ref name="Melik-Bakhshyan"/><ref name="Hmayakyan">{{cite journal|first=Hasmik|last=Hmayakyan|url=http://vahagnakanch.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/hokevor-jarankaganutyune.pdf|title=Հոգևոր ավանդույթների ժառանգությունը (Պտղաբերության պաշտամունքից մինչև քրիստոնեություն) [Heritage of spiritual heritage (From fertility cult to Christianity)]|journal=21st Century|publisher=[[Noravank Foundation]]|volume=2|issue=8|year=2005|location=Yerevan|language=hy|p=169|quote= Հետագայում Կաթողիկե եկեղեցին (Էջմիածինը՝ Հայաստանի քրիստոնեական առաջին տաճարը) ըստ Ագաթանգեղոսի վկայության, կառուցվում է Տրդատ թագավորի, Գրիգոր Լուսավորչի և ժողովրդի կողմից ավերված Սանդարամետի մեհյանի տեղում:}}</ref><ref name="Avetisyan">{{cite book|last=Avetisyan|first=Kamsar|authorlink1=:hy:Կամսար Ավետիսյան|title=Հայրենագիտական էտյուդներ [Armenian studies sketches]|date=1979|publisher=Sovetakan Grogh|location=Yerevan|page=[http://armenianhouse.org/avetisyan/taron.html 200]|language=hy|quote=....Էջմիածնի Մայր տաճարը ... որտեղ գտնվում էր Սանդարամետի գետնափոր մեհյանը։}}</ref> both figures in [[Armenian mythology]].
:{{note|8|Ը}} 301 AD is the traditional date,<ref>{{cite book|first=Peter|last=Balakian|title=[[The Burning Tigris]]|year=2009|publisher=HarperCollins|location=New York|isbn=978-0-06-186017-1|page=29|authorlink=Peter Balakian}}</ref> first calculated by historian [[Mikayel Chamchian]].{{sfn|Panossian|2006|p=106}} A growing number of authors argue that the correct date is 314 by citing the [[Edict of Milan]].{{sfn|Panossian|2006|p=42}}<ref>{{cite book|title=The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought|year=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-860024-4|page=39|editor=[[Adrian Hastings|Hastings, Adrian]]; Mason, Alistair; Pyper, Hugh}}</ref> [[Elizabeth Redgate]] writes that "the scholarly consensus is to prefer c. 314."<ref>{{cite book|last=Redgate|first=A. E.|title=The Armenians|year=2000|publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell|Blackwell Publishing]]|location=Oxford|isbn=9780631220374|authorlink=Elizabeth Redgate|p=314}}</ref>
:{{note|9|Թ}} «...Եւ մի ահաւոր տեսիլ մարդոյ բարձր եւ ահեղ, որ զառաջն ունէր եւ զէջսն ի վերուստ մինչեւ ի խոնարհ առաջապահ յառաջեալ, եւ ի ձեռինն իւրում ուռն մի մեծ ոսկի. եւ այն ամենայն զհետ խաղացեալ գայր: Եւ ինքն սլացեալ խոյացեալ գայր` ըստ նմանութեան արագաթեւ արծուոյ. եւ եկն էջ եհաս մինչեւ մօտ ի յատակս երկրիս, ի շինամէջ քաղաքին, եւ բաղխեաց զթանձրութիւն լայնատարած գետնոյն, եւ մեծ եւ անչափ դրնդիւնքն հնչեցին սանդարամետս անդնդոց. եւ ամենայն երկիր յերեւելիս, յական տեսանելեաց բաւելոյ, հարթ հաւասար դաշտաձեւ յատակեցաւ...»
:{{note|10|Ժ}} [[Malachia Ormanian]] defined "katoghike" as "[[cathedral]]" and wrote that the word was used particularly for the Etchmiadzin Cathedral. In modern Armenian, "katoghike" is also used to refer to the [[Catholic Church]]. It is derived from the Ancient Greek word [[:wikt:καθολικός|καθολικός]] ''katholikos'', which means "universal". The cathedral has been so called as a description of the "universality" of [[Christian Church|the Church]].<ref name="araratian-tem"/>
:{{note|11|ԺԱ}}
:{{note|12|ԺԲ}}
:{{note|13|ԺԳ}}
:{{note|14|ԺԴ}}
:{{note|15|ԺԵ}}
=== Աղբյուրներ ===
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