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Տող 1.
[[Image:Scuola Grande di San Rocco (Venice).jpg|thumb|250px|Facade on Campo San Rocco]]
[[file:Portait Alienor Rougeot-Fridays for future March 15-2019; Photographer Dina Dong (cropped).jpg|thumb|Ռուժերը բողոքում է «Ուրբաթները հանուն ապագայի» շարժման ժամանակ 2019 թվականի մարտի 15–ին]]
[[File:Scuola Grande di San Rocco (Venice) - Il Salone Maggiore.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Salone Maggiore]]
The '''Scuola Grande di San Rocco''' is a building in [[Venice]], northern [[Italy]]. It is noted for its collection of paintings by [[Tintoretto]] and generally agreed to include some of his finest work.
 
==History==
'''Ալիենոր Ռուժե''' (ծնվել է 1998/1999 թվականներին)<ref>{{cite web |title=Meet the youth at the forefront of Canada's Fridays for Future movement |url=https://www.ecojustice.ca/meet-youth-strikers-fridays-for-future/ |website=Ecojustice |accessdate=20 May 2020 |date=24 April 2019}}</ref> Կանդայի [[կլիմայական արդարության]] ակտիվիստ է<ref name=CBC>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/the-world-is-so-unsafe-environmental-activists-pledge-not-to-have-kids-1.5284940|title='The world is so unsafe': Environmental activists pledge not to have kids|last=CBC|first=|date=Sep 16, 2019|work=Canadian Broadcasting Company|access-date=January 13, 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Somos>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/meet-the-activist-leading-ontario-s-youth-climate-strike-movement-1.4602371|title=Meet the activist leading Ontario's youth climate strike movement|last=Somos|first=Christy|date=2019-09-20|website=CTVNews|language=en|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref><ref name=Chan>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ecojustice.ca/meet-youth-strikers-fridays-for-future/ |title=Meet the youth at the forefront of Canada's Fridays for Future movement |author=Emily Chan |date=2019-04-24 |website=Ecojustice |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref>։ Ռուժեն Կանադայում մեծ հեղինակություն է վայելել որպես «Կլիմայի հարվածի» կազմակերպիչ<ref name=CBC/>։ Տորոնտոյի [[դպրոցական դասադուլ հանուն կլիմայի]] շարժման առաջնորդ է, շարժում, որն ուսանողներին կոչ է անում ուրբաթ օրերին դասի չգնալ՝ կլիմայի փոփոխության վերաբերյալ իրազեկվածությունը բարձրացնելու համար<ref name=Chan/>։
The building is the seat of a [[confraternity]] established in 1478, named after [[Saint Roch|San Rocco]], popularly regarded as a protector against plague.<ref>The term "scuola" is used to refer to either the confraternity or the building housing their seat.</ref> The members of the "Confraternity of St. Roch" were a group of wealthy Venetian citizens. The site they chose for their building is next to the [[San Rocco, Venice|church of San Rocco]] which houses the remains of the saint.
 
In January 1515 the project of the building was entrusted to Bartolomeo Bon, although some authorities assign it to his son [[Pietro Bon]]. In 1524 his work was continued by [[Sante Lombardo]], who, in turn, three years later was replaced by Antonio Scarpagnino. Following his death in 1549, the last architect to work on the edifice was Giangiacomo dei Grigi, finishing in September 1560.<ref>Scuola Grande Arciconfraternita di San Rocco ''Guide leaflet'' (in English), page 2</ref>
== Գործունեություն ==
Իր գործունեությունը սկսել է շատ փոքր տարիքում՝ իր համայնքի տարածքում կենսաբազմազանության կորստի վերաբերյալ իրազեկվածության բարձրացման միջոցով<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Edwards|first=Samantha|date=2019-11-29|title=Climate justice activist Alienor Rougeot juggles strikes and school studies|url=https://nowtoronto.com/lifestyle/education/alienor-rougeot-climate-justice-fridays-for-future|access-date=2020-07-25|website=NOW Magazine}}</ref>։ Ներգրավված է եղել նաև տեղի «Amnesty International» մասնաճյուղում, որտեղ ղեկավարում էր արշավներ՝ փախստականների ճգնաժամի մասին իրազեկվածության բարձրացման, Եվրոպայում միգրանտների և փախստականների համար արդարություն պահանջելու նպատակով<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2016|title=Programme des Arts et des Sciences du Lycée Duby|url=http://www.lyc-luynes.ac-aix-marseille.fr/spip/sites/www.lyc-luynes/spip/IMG/pdf/programme_semaine_des_arts_et_des_sciences-version_pronote.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=http://www.lyc-luynes.ac-aix-marseille.fr/|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref>։
 
The design was similar to other ''scuole'' in Venice, characterized by two halls, one at ground floor level, the other at first floor level. The ''Sala Terra'' (lower) has a nave and two aisles, with the entrance from the ''campo''<ref>Name of the Venetian squares.</ref> outside. From this hall a stair (with a landing surmounted by a dome) led to the upper storey. The ''Sala Superiore'' ("Upper Hall") was used for meetings of the fellows and had a wooden altar. It provided access to the ''Sala dell'Albergo'', which housed the ''Banca '' and the ''Zonta'' (the confraternity's supervisory boards).
=== Կլիմայական արդարության ակտիվիզմ ===
Ալիենոր Ռուժեն կազմակերպել է շարժումներ հանուն կլիմայի և առաջնորդել է Կանադայի զանգվածային «դասավանդումը» Տորոնտոյի կլիմայի զանգվածային շարժմանը՝ [[համաշխարհային շաբաթ հանուն ապագայի]] շրջանակներում, 2019 թականի սեպտեմբերին, իրադարձություն, որը հազարավոր մարդկանց է ներգրավել դեպի «Քուինզ փարք»<ref name="Somos" /><ref name="Torontolife" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-the-new-childfree-fearful-amid-climate-change-some-young-canadians/|title=The new 'childfree': Fearful amid climate change, some young Canadians abandon plans to have children|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2019/09/03/reducing-your-own-carbon-footprint-is-great-but-it-wont-save-the-planet-unless-governments-and-corporations-step-up.html|title=Reducing your own carbon footprint is great, but it won't save the planet unless governments and corporations step up {{!}} The Star|website=thestar.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref>։
 
==Art==
== Կրթություն ==
[[File:Zwiastowanie Tintoretta.jpg|thumb|The ''Annunciation'' from the Tintoretto cycle]]
Ալիենորը Կանադայում [[Տորոնտոյի համալսարան]]<nowiki/>ի տնտեսագիտության և հանրային քաղաքանության մասնագետ է<ref name=":0" /> <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalobserver.com/u/alienor-rougeot|title=Aliénor Rougeot|last1=Opinion|first1=Aliénor Rougeot in|last2=Energy|website=National Observer|language=en|access-date=2020-01-13|last3=July 26th 2019|first3=Politics {{!}}}}</ref>։
[[File:Tintoretto-Circumcision.jpg|thumb|The ''Circumcision of Jesus'' from the Tintoretto cycle]]
[[File:Podniesienie węża.jpg|thumb|''Miracle of the Bronze Serpent'' from the Tintoretto cycle]]
In 1564 the painter [[Tintoretto]] was commissioned to provide paintings for the ''Scuola'', and his most renowned works are to be found in the ''Sala dell'Albergo'' and the ''Sala Superiore''. All the works in the building are by him, or his assistants, including his son [[Domenico Tintoretto|Domenico]]: they were executed between 1564 and 1587. Works in the sala terra are in homage to the Virgin Mary, and concentrate on episodes from her life. In the sala superiore, works on the ceiling are from the [[Old Testament]], and on the walls from the [[New Testament]]. Together, they show the biblical story from [[Adam and Eve|Fall]] to [[Redeemer (Christianity)|Redemption]].
 
A sculpture of Tintoretto with his paintbrushes is featured, as well as a relief carved to look like a bookcase.<ref>{{cite book |last=Decker |first=Heinrich |title=The Renaissance in Italy: Architecture • Sculpture • Frescoes |year=1969 |origyear=1967 |publisher=The Viking Press |location=New York |p=164}}</ref>
== Մրցանակներ և ճանաչում ==
2019 թվականին «Toronto Life» ամսագրի կողիմից ճանաչվել է 50 ամենաազդեցիկ տորոնտոնացին<ref name="Torontolife">{{Cite web|url=https://torontolife.com/city/the-50-most-influential-torontonians-of-2019/|title=The 50 Most Influential Torontonians of 2019|website=Toronto Life|date=2019-11-21|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-13}}</ref>։ Նաև «Corporate Knights»–ի կողմից ճանաչվել է որպես «30 կայուն առաջնորդներից մեկը» 2019 թվականին<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-07|title=Youth rising: Meet 2019's top 30 under 30 sustainability leaders|url=https://www.corporateknights.com/magazines//youth-rising-meet-2019s-30-under-30-in-sustainability-15731064/|access-date=2020-07-25|website=Corporate Knights}}</ref>։
 
Main works include:
== Ծանոթագրություններ ==
*''Sala Terrena'' (complete list)<ref name="auto">Scuola Grande Arciconfraternita di San Rocco ''Guide leaflet'' (in English), page 3</ref>
{{Reflist}}
**''Annunciation''
**''Adoration of the Magi''
**''[[The Flight into Egypt (Tintoretto)|The Flight into Egypt]]''
**''The Slaughter of the Innocents''
**''Presentation in the Temple''
**''The Assumption of Mary''
**''St Mary Magdalen''
**''St Mary of Egypt''
*''Sala Superiore'' (ceiling)<ref name="auto"/>
**''Adam and Eve''
**''Jacob's Ladder''
**''God Appears to Moses''
**''The Passover''
**''The Pillar of Fire''
**''The Fall of Manna in the Desert''
**''Moses Strikes Water from the Rock''
**''Miracle of the Bronze Serpent''
**''Elijah is Fed by the Angels''
**''Elisha Distributes Bread''
**''The Vision of the Prophet Ezekiel''
*''Sala Superiore'' (walls)<ref name="auto"/>
**''The Adoration of the Shepherds''
**''The Baptism''
**''Christ Tempted by Satan''
**''Christ Heals the Paralytic''
**''Multiplication of Bread and Fishes''
**''The Resurrection of Lazarus''
**''The Last Supper''
**''The Agony in the Garden''
**''The Resurrection''
**''The Ascension''
**Wooden: episodes of the Old Testament by [[Giuseppe Angeli]]
*''Sala dell'Albergo''<ref name="auto"/>
**''Allegory of St. John's Guild''
**''Allegory of St. Mark's Guild''
**''Allegory of St. Theodore's Guild''
**''Allegory of the Charity Guild''
**''Allegory of the Misericordia (Mercy) Guild''
**''Christ Before Pilate''
**''Ecce Homo (The Crowning with Thorns)''
**''Ascent to Calvary''
**''The [[Crucifixion (Tintoretto)|Crucifixion]]''
**''The Apotheosis of St. Roch''
 
Other works present include paintings by [[Titian]] and [[Palma il Giovane]], and a series of wooden panels with [[allegory|allegorical]] figures in the [[Chapter house]] carved by [[Francesco Pianta]] between 1657-58.<ref name="official website">{{cite web | url = http://www.scuolagrandesanrocco.org/home/non-solo-tintoretto/pianta/ | title = Francesco Pianta's works | website = from the Scuola Grande di San Rocco official website | access-date = May 10, 2016 }}</ref>
[[:Կատեգորիա:Ապրող անձինք]]
 
[[:Կատեգորիա:Կանադացի հասարակական գործիչներ]]
==Music==
[[:Կատեգորիա:1990-ականների ծնունդներ]]
In its heyday the scuola was an important patron of music, employing musicians such as [[Giovanni Gabrieli]]. Gabrieli took on the post of organist in addition to his work at [[St Mark's Basilica|St Mark's]], and he composed music specifically for the location. A contemporary account of how the music impressed an English traveller was published in ''[[Coryat's Crudities]]'' (1611).<ref name="gramo">{{Cite magazine |last=Knighton |first=Tess |year=1997 |title=G.Gabrieli Music for San Rocco (record review) |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/ggabrieli-music-for-san-rocco |magazine=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]]}}</ref>
[[:Կատեգորիա:Ակտիվիստներ Տորոնտոյից]]
 
[[:Կատեգորիա:Կլիմայի ակտիվիստներ]]
In 1958 [[Stravinsky]]'s [[Threni (Stravinsky)|''Threni'' ]] was premiered at the scuola with the composer conducting.<ref name=white>Eric Walter White, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=BfbGqVIru9oC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Stravinsky+the+Composer+and+his+Works&hl=en&ei=xW-MTcW8NIaxhAfSu4GsCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false Stravinsky: The Composer and His Works]'', second edition (Berkeley and Los Angeles: [[University of California Press]], 1979): 497 ff. Accessed 25 March 2011.</ref>
[[:Կատեգորիա:Կանադայի ակտիվիստներ]]
 
==Access and conservation==
The Scuola Grande is open daily all the year round, except for Christmas Day and January 1st.
 
The paintings were in need of conservation work, and have been restored by the [[World Monuments Fund]].
 
==Notes==
{{reflist|33em}}
 
==References==
* {{cite book|first=Astrid |last=Zenkert|title=Tintoretto in der Scuola di San Rocco, Ensemble und Wirkung|publisher=Ernst Wasmuth Verlag|location=T1918-4}}
* {{cite book|first=Heiner |last=?Wittmann|title=Sartre und die Kunst. Die Porträtstudien von Tintoretto bis Flaubert|publisher=Gunter Narr Verlag|location=Tübingen |year=1996|isbn=3-8233-5167-2}}* {{cite book|first=Emma |last=Sdegno|title=Looking at Tintoretto with John Ruskin|publisher=Marsilio Editore s.p.a.|ISBN=978-88-317-9000-0}}
* {{cite book|first=Maria Agnese |last=Chiari Moretti Wiel|title=The Tesoro of Scuola Grande di San Rocco|publisher=Marsilio Editore s.p.a.|ISBN=978-88-317-0719-0}}
* {{cite book|first=Maresel |last=Grosso|first2= Gianmario|last2= Guidarelli |title=Tintoretto and Architecture|publisher=Marsilio Editore s.p.a.|ISBN=978-88-317-4383-9}}
 
==External links==
{{commons category|Scuola Grande di San Rocco (Venice)}}
* [http://www.scuolagrandesanrocco.it/ Official website] {{in lang|it|en}}
 
{{Tintoretto|state=collapsed}}
{{coord|45.4366|N|12.325|E|source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scuola Grande Di San Rocco}}