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Տող 1.
{{Տեղեկաքարտ Անձ}}
 
'''Նատալի Գրամս''' ({{ԱԾ}}) գերմանացի բժիշկ, հոմեոպաթ և գրող։ Գերմանիայումմ նրան մեծ ճանաչում բերեց 2015 թվականին հրատարակված նրա հեղինակային՝ ''Վերանայված հոմեոպաթիան - այն, ինչն իսկապես օգնում է հիվանդներին'' (''Homeopathy Reconsidered — What Really Helps Patients)'' աշխատությունը, որտեղ նա քննադատում է հոմեոպաթիան։ 2016 թվականին նա միացավ գերմանացի սկեպտիկների ասոցիացիա (GWUP), իսկ 2017 թվականի հունվարին դարձավ կապի մենեջեր<ref name="Wissenschaftsrat" />։ 2017 թվականի մայիսից աշխատել է հումանիստ Ջորդանո Բրունոյի հիմնադրամում<ref name="BeiratGiordanoBruno" />, իսկ 2017 թվականի հոկտեմբերից գործել որպես փոխնախագահ<ref name="TrägervereinHPD" />։ 2017 թվականի հոկտեմբերին հրատարակվեց նրա՝ ''Gesundheit — Գիրք ՝ առանց հետևանքների'' աշխատությունը''։''
'''Նատալի Գրամս''' ({{ԱԾ}}) is a German physician and author. Formerly a practicing [[Homeopathy|homeopath]], she became known throughout Germany as a [[whistleblower]] for her 2015 debut book ''Homeopathy Reconsidered — What Really Helps Patients'' in which she criticized homeopathy. In 2016 she joined the Science Council of the [[Gesellschaft zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften|Society for the Scientific Investigation of Parasciences (GWUP - the German Sceptics Association)]]. and in January 2017 she became Communications Manager for the GWUP.<ref name="Wissenschaftsrat" /> She also serves on the advisory board of the [[Humanism|humanist]] [[Giordano Bruno Foundation]] since May 2017,<ref name="BeiratGiordanoBruno" /> and as vice president of the Humanist Press Foundation in Germany since October 2017.<ref name="TrägervereinHPD" /> In October 2017 her second book, ''Gesundheit — A Book Not Without Side Effects'', was published.
 
==Կենսագրություն==
==Biography==
GramsԳրամսը grewմեծացել upէ in [[Bavaria]], whereԲավարիայում sheև graduatedավարտել highտեղի schoolավագ inդպրոցը 1997. Sheթվականին։ studiedՍովորել medicine atէ [[Ludwig Maximilian UniversityՄյունխենի ofհամալսարան|Մյունխենի Munichհամալսարանում]], [[TechnicalՄյունխենի Universityտեխնիկական ofհամալսարան|Մյունխենի Munichտեխնիկական համալսարանում]], andայնուհետև՝ 2005 թվականին [[HeidelbergՀայդելբերգի համալսարան|Հայդելբերգի Universityհամալսարանում]], whereորտեղ inարտոնագրվել 2005 she gained licensure as a physicianէ inորպես Germany.բժիշկ<ref name="Zeit_Homöopathie"/><ref name="BrandEins_Ketzerin"/> In։ 2007 sheթվականին receivedստացավ herիր doctorateդոկտորի asաստիճանը aորպես medicalՑյուրիխի facultyհամալսարանի memberբժշկական atֆակուլտետի theանդամ [[UniversityՑյուրիխի ofհամալսարանում։ Մինչ 2009 թվականը Zurich]]. Until 2009 she was an intern at a private religiously-affiliated hospital in [[Heidelberg]], where she specialized in [[Geriatrics|geriatric]] and [[Palliative care|palliative]] medicine.<ref name="Lebenslauf"/>
 
In 2004, in parallel with her medical education, Grams began pursuing education in [[traditional Chinese medicine]] and [[homeopathy]]. She completed her homeopathic education with an additional professional designation in that area,<ref name="GWUP_WhoIsWho"/> and was active exclusively in private homeopathic practice from 2009 through 2015.<ref name="Lebenslauf"/>
Տող 10.
In May 2015 her first book ''Homeopathy Reconsidered — What Really Helps Patients'' was published by [[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer Verlag]] in German (German title ''Homöopathie neu gedacht – Was Patienten wirklich hilft''). She abandoned her homeopathic activity the same year.<ref name="RNZ_ÄrztinDenkt"/> Grams is currently active as a [[Scientific communication|science communicator]].<ref name="GWUP_Nachrichten12012017"/>
 
==Այլընտրանքային բժշկություն==
==Criticism of homeopathy and alternative medicine==
Grams is an authority, and a leading participant in public debate on the subject of homeopathy.<ref name="DasErste_Geldverschwendung"/><ref name="Heilpraxisnet_Homöopathie"/> As a practicing homeopathic doctor she was interviewed by journalists Christian Weymayr and Nicole Heißmann for their book ''The Homeopathy Lie'' (German title: ''Die Homöopathie-Lüge'').<ref name="HNG_MeineStory"/> Upon reading that book's criticism of homeopathy, Grams wanted to write a rebuttal in defense of homeopathy.<ref name="TAZ_Lebenstraum"/>
 
Տող 25.
She lent her expertise as a member of the "Münsteraner Kreis", a free association of scientists on the subject of "Pseudomedicine in Public Health",.as an author in support of the ''Münster Memorandum on Practitioners of Alternative Medicine'', which aims to mitigate the potential for patient harm from therapists who lack academic medical education (''Heilpraktiker'' — literally ''healing practitioners'') by proposing a German regulatory framework to balance the concerns of patient autonomy and freedom of therapy against fairness to health insurance providers and insurees.<ref name="MünsterMemo"/><ref name="PN_MünsterMemo"/> She also co-authored the second publication of the Münsteraner Kreis, the "''Münster Memorandum on Homeopathy''",<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.muensteraner-kreis.de/homoeopathie.html|title=Memorandum Homöopathie|last=Münsteraner Kreis (Münster Circle)|date=1 February 2018|website=www.muensteraner-kreis.de|access-date=23 December 2018}}</ref> which appeared in 2018.
 
==Հակազդեցություն==
==Reaction==
Grams took up the publication of her 2015 book with the intention of stimulating self-reflection among those in the homeopathic orbit. She has expressed regret that this introspection had not yet happened until today. Homeopaths who reviewed her first book didn't go to a factual discourse but have questioned the motivation behind her conversion (i.e., her change of mind based on rational arguments), mostly in a defamatory way.<ref name="HomöOnline_Falsch"/><ref name="VKHD_Stellungnahme"/> Grams reported that she had received a lot of rejection since becoming a public critic of homeopathy, often in the form of personal attacks, defamations, even death threats. She had even had to take advantage of police protection at events.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Merkelbach |first1=Annika |title=Natalie Grams: Professional Homeopath to Professional Skeptic |url=https://www.csicop.org/specialarticles/show/natalie_grams_professional_homeopath_to_professional_skeptic |website=CSCIP |publisher=CFI |accessdate=23 January 2019}}</ref>
 
Temporarily she held in mind writing a book collecting and discussing the many angry e-mails and comments she has received in response to her writing and activism. She hopes to reach people who share the false popular perception of homeopathic therapy as "gentle", "empathetic" and basically the "better medicine" and prompt them to re-examine that opinion on a factual basis.<ref name="TheESP_100" />
 
== Գրվածքներ ==
==Writings==
 
* ''Homöopathie neu gedacht – Was Patienten wirklich hilft'' (''Homeopathy Reconsidered — What Really Helps Patients''). Springer-Verlag, Berlin/ Heidelberg 2015, {{ISBN|978-3-662-45336-0}}. Published in English in January 2019 under the title "Homeopathy reconsidered - What Patients really helps". Springer Nature Switzerland 2019, {{ISBN|978-3-030-00508-5}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/homeopath-quits-homeopathy-but-thinks-the-homeopathic-approach-has-value/|title=Homeopath Quits Homeopathy but Thinks the Homeopathic Approach Has Value|last=Hall|first=Harriet|date=26 February 2019|website=sciencebasedmedicine.org|language=en-US|access-date=1 March 2019}}</ref>
Տող 36.
*''Homeopathy - Where is the science? - A current inventory of a pre-scientific artifact''. Grams N. (2019); EMBO Reports, e47761. doi:10.15252/embr.201947761
 
==SeeՏես alsoնաև==
*[[Edzard Ernst]]: German-born former homeopath turned outspoken critic of homeopathy and alternative medicine generally
*[[Britt Marie Hermes]]: American ex-[[Naturopathy|naturopath]] turned whistleblower; {{As of|2018|1}}, remediating her academic medical education in Germany
{{Portal bar|Biography|Germany|Philosophy|Science}}
 
==Ծանոթագրություններ==
==References==
 
{{reflist|refs=
Տող 155.
}}
 
==Արտաքին հղումներ==
==External links==
* [https://www.natalie-grams.de/ Personal website of Natalie Grams] (in German)
*http://www.muensteraner-kreis.de/homoeopathie.html