«Մասնակից:Արմին-Կարապետյան/Ավազարկղ»–ի խմբագրումների տարբերություն

Islamic arches, similar to columns, followed a style similar to Roman architecture.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=Arches in Islamic Architecture|last=Graves|first=Margaret|doi = 10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T2082057|year = 2009}}</ref> Arches became quite prominent to Islamic architecture during the 8th-10th centuries.<ref name=":0" /> There are three distinct shapes of Islamic arches which include horseshoe, keel, and polylobuled. However, in India, Islamic arches take shape after being pointed, lobed, or ogee.<ref name=":0" />

 

 

Islamic art has very notable achievements in ceramics, both in [[pottery]] and [[tile]]s for walls, which in the absence of wall-paintings were taken to heights unmatched by other cultures. Early pottery is often unglazed, but [[Tin-glazing|tin-opacified glazing]] was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue-painted ware in [[Basra]], dating to around the 8th century. Another significant contribution was the development of [[Stoneware|stonepaste ceramics]], originating from 9th century Iraq.<ref>Mason (1995), p. 5</ref> The first industrial complex for [[glass]] and [[pottery]] production was built in [[Raqqa]], [[Syria]], in the 8th century.<ref name=Henderson>{{Cite journal |first1=J. |last1=Henderson |first2=S. D. |last2=McLoughlin |first3=D. S. |last3=McPhail |year=2004 |title=Radical changes in Islamic glass technology: evidence for conservatism and experimentation with new glass recipes from early and middle Islamic Raqqa, Syria |journal=Archaeometry |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=439–68 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4754.2004.00167.x}}</ref> Other centers for innovative pottery in the Islamic world included [[Fustat]] (from 975 to 1075), Damascus (from 1100 to around 1600) and [[Tabriz]] (from 1470 to 1550).<ref>Mason (1995), p. 7</ref> [[Lusterware]]s with iridescent colours may have continued pre-Islamic Roman and Byzantine techniques, but were either invented or considerably developed on pottery and glass in Persia and Syria from the 9th century onwards.<ref>Arts, 206–207</ref>