«Մասնակից:Anne Arushanyan/Ավազարկղ»–ի խմբագրումների տարբերություն
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Տող 1.
{{about||the desire to accumulate material goods|Economic materialism|the Marxist and other meanings}}Մատերիալիզմը փիլիսոփայական մոնիզմի ձև է, որի համաձայն՝ նյութը հիմնարար
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 1|Սևագրություն 1]]▼
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 2|Սևագրություն 2]]▼
is a form of [[Monism|philosophical monism]] which holds that [[matter]] is the fundamental [[Substance theory|substance]] in [[nature]], and that all things, including [[Mind|mental aspects]] and [[consciousness]], are results of material interactions.
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 3|Սևագրություն 3]]▼
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 4|Սևագրություն 4]]▼
In [[Idealism]], [[mind]] and [[consciousness]] are first-order realities to which matter is subject and secondary. In philosophical materialism the converse is true. Here mind and consciousness are [[By-product|by-products]] or [[Epiphenominalism|epiphenomena]] of material processes (the [[biochemistry]] of the human brain and nervous system, for example) without which they cannot exist. According to this doctrine the material creates and determines consciousness, not vice versa. Materialists believe that Matter and the physical laws that govern it constitute the most reliable guide to the nature of mind and consciousness.
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 5|Սևագրություն 5]]▼
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 6|Սևագրություն 6]]▼
Materialist theories are mainly divided into three groups. Naive materialism identifies the material world with specific elements (e.g. the scheme of the four elements—fire, air, water and earth—devised by the [[Pre-Socratic philosopher]] [[Empedocles]]). Metaphysical materialism examines separated parts of the world in a static, isolated environment. [[Dialectical materialism]] adapts the Hegelian dialectic for materialism, examining parts of the world in relation to each other within a dynamic environment.
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 7|Սևագրություն 7]]▼
* [[Մասնակից: Anne Arushanyan/Սևագրություն 8|Սևագրություն 8]]▼
Materialism is closely related to [[physicalism]], the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: [[spacetime]], [[Energy|physical energies]] and [[Force|forces]], [[dark matter]], and so on. Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are [[Synonym|synonymous]].
Philosophies contradictory to materialism or physicalism include [[idealism]], [[Pluralism (philosophy)|pluralism]], [[Dualism (philosophy of mind)|dualism]], and other forms of [[monism]].
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