«Մասնակից:ԱշոտՏՆՂ/2»–ի խմբագրումների տարբերություն

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Տող 86.
387 թվականին [[Հայաստանի առաջին բաժանում|Հայաստանը բաժանված]] էր [[Հռոմեական կայսրություն|Հռոմեական կայսրության]] և [[Սասանյան Պարսկաստան]]ի միջև։ Երկրի արևելյան մասը, որտեղ գտնվում է Էջմիածինը, մինչև 428 թվականը Հայաստանը կառավարում էին Պարսկաստանին ենթարկվող վասալ արքաները, երբ Հայկական թագավորությունը կործանվեց<ref name="Hacikyan">{{cite book|last1=Hacikyan|first1=Agop Jack|authorlink1=Agop Jack Hacikyan|last2=Basmajian|first2=Gabriel|last3=Franchuk|first3=Edward S.|last4=Ouzounian|first4=Nourhan|title=The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Oral Tradition to the Golden Age|volume=1|year=2000|publisher=Wayne State University Press|location=Detroit|isbn=978-0-8143-2815-6|page=168}}</ref>։ 450 թվականին հայերին զրադաշտականություն պարտադրելու փորձերի ժամանակ [[Հազկերտ Բ]]-ն տաճարում կառուցել է կրակարաններ{{sfn|Arakelian|Yeremian|Arevshatian|Bartikian|1984|p=572}}։
 
The pyre of the fire temple was unearthed under the altar of the east apse during the excavations in the 1950s.<ref name="csufresno"/>{{efn-uaref label|13|ԺԲ}}The remains of the 4th century apse, the fire temple and other architectural details are now kept at a special structure built relatively recently under the east apse.{{sfn|Arakelian|Yeremian|Arevshatian|Bartikian|1984|p=572}}}}
 
Մինչև 5-րդ դարի վերջին քարորդը տաճարը կիսաքանդ էր{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=269}}։ Ըստ [[Ղազար Փարպեցի|Ղազար Փարպեցու]], տաճարը վերակառուցել է մարզպան [[Վահան Մամիկոնյան]]ի կողմից 483-484 թվականներին{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}}, երբ Հայաստանում իրավիճակը պարսից դեմ մղած [[Ավարայրի ճակատամարտ|հաջող ազատագրական պայքարից]] հետո համեմատաբար հանգիստ էր{{sfn|Sahinian|Zarian|Ghazarian|1978|p=72}}{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}}։
By the last quarter of the 5th century the cathedral was dilapidated.{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=269}} According to [[Ghazar Parpetsi]], it was rebuilt from the foundations by ''[[marzban]]'' (governor) of [[Persian Armenia]] [[Vahan Mamikonian]] in 483/4,{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}} when the country was relatively stable,{{sfn|Sahinian|Zarian|Ghazarian|1978|p=72}} following the [[Battle of Avarayr|struggle for religious freedom]] against Persia.{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}} Most{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=269}} researchers have concluded that, thus, the church was converted into [[Cruciform#Cruciform architectural plan|cruciform church]] and mostly took its current form.{{efn-ua|"In 483/484&nbsp;... the basic core of the current structure was created..."<ref name="Hewsen"/> "483-484 Reconstructed by Vahan Mamikonyan. Etchmiadzin develops the design we see today."<ref name="armenianchurch.org"/>}} The new church was very different from the original one and "consisted of quadric-apsidal hall built of dull, grey stone containing four free-standing cross-shaped pillars disdained to support a stone cupola." The new cathedral was "in the form of a square enclosing a [[Greek cross]] and contains two chapels, one on either side of the east apse."<ref name="Hewsen"/> According to [[Robert H. Hewsen]], the design of the new church was a mixture of the design of a [[Zoroastrian]] [[fire temple]] and a mausoleum of [[classical antiquity]].<ref name="Hewsen"/>
 
By the last quarter of the 5th century the cathedral was dilapidated.{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=269}} According to [[Ghazar Parpetsi]], it was rebuilt from the foundations by ''[[marzban]]'' (governor) of [[Persian Armenia]] [[Vahan Mamikonian]] in 483/4,{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}} when the country was relatively stable,{{sfn|Sahinian|Zarian|Ghazarian|1978|p=72}} following the [[Battle of Avarayr|struggle for religious freedom]] against Persia.{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=268}} Most{{sfn|Hasratyan|2003|p=269}} researchers have concluded that, thus, the church was converted into [[Cruciform#Cruciform architectural plan|cruciform church]] and mostly took its current form.{{efn-ua|"In 483/484&nbsp;... the basic core of the current structure was created..."<ref name="Hewsen"/> "483-484 Reconstructed by Vahan Mamikonyan. Etchmiadzin develops the design we see today."<ref name="armenianchurch.org"/>}} The new church was very different from the original one and "consisted of quadric-apsidal hall built of dull, grey stone containing four free-standing cross-shaped pillars disdained to support a stone cupola." The new cathedral was "in the form of a square enclosing a [[Greek cross]] and contains two chapels, one on either side of the east apse."<ref name="Hewsen"/> According to [[Robert H. Hewsen]], the design of the new church was a mixture of the design of a [[Zoroastrian]] [[fire temple]] and a mausoleum of [[classical antiquity]].<ref name="Hewsen"/>
 
Although the seat of the Catholicos was transferred to [[Dvin (ancient city)|Dvin]] sometime in the 460s–470s<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Harutyunyan|first1=Arsen|title=Հայրապետական աթոռի` Վաղարշապատից Դվին տեղափոխման հարցի շուրջ [About Transfer of the Patriarchal Throne to Dvin from Vagharshapat]|journal=Patma-Banasirakan Handes|date=2013|issue=3|page=171|url=http://hpj.asj-oa.am/5900/|publisher=Armenian Academy of Sciences|location=Yerevan|language=hy|issn=0135-0536}}</ref> or 484,<ref>{{cite book|last=Ferguson|first=Everett|title=Encyclopedia of Early Christianity|volume=1|year=1999|publisher=Routledge|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8153-3319-7|page=227|edition=2nd|authorlink=Everett Ferguson|author2=McHugh, Michael P. |author3=Norris, Frederick W. }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Orthodox Christian World|year=2012|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxon|isbn=978-1-136-31484-1|page=47|editor=Casiday, Augustine}}</ref> the cathedral never lost its significance and remained "one of the greatest shrines of the Armenian Church."{{sfn|Mnatsakanian|1987|p=154|ps=: "Со дня своего основания, независимо от того, был ли храм кафедральной церковью католнкосата Армении или же католикосы находились в других местах, этот памятник вплоть до XX века являлся одной из величайших святынь армянской церкви..."}} The last known renovations until the 15th century were made by Catholicos [[Komitas (Catholicos)|Komitas]] in 618 (according to [[Sebeos]]) and Catholicos Nerses III (r. 640–661).<ref name="Hewsen"/><ref name="csufresno"/> During these centuries of neglect, the cathedral's "condition deteriorated so badly"{{sfn|Adalian|2010|p=299}} that it prompted the prominent archbishop [[Stepanos Orbelian]] to write one of his most notable poems, "Lament on Behalf of the Cathedral" («Ողբ ի դիմաց Կաթողիկէին» ''Voğb i dimats Katoğikein'') in 1300.{{efn-ua|The complete title is "Allegorical prosopopoeia on the Holy Cathedral at Vagharshapat"{{sfn|Hacikyan|Basmajian|Franchuk|Ouzounian|2005|p=536}} («Բան բարառնական ոդեալ դիմառնաբար ի դիմաց Վաղարշապատու ս. Կաթուղիկէին» ''Ban barařnakan vodeal dimařnabar i dimats Vagharshapatu s. Katoğikein''). It was first printed in [[Nor Nakhichevan]] in 1790, later in [[Kolkata]] in 1846 and in [[Tiflis]] in 1885.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Grigorian|first=G. M.|title=Ստեփանոս Օրբելյան [Stepanos Orbelian]|journal=[[Patma-Banasirakan Handes]]|year=1976|issue=4|publisher=[[Armenian Academy of Sciences]]|location=Yerevan|url=http://hpj.asj-oa.am/2668/|language=hy|page=162}}</ref>}} In the poem, which tells about the consequences of the Mongol and Mamluk invasions of Armenia and [[Cilician Armenia|Cilicia]], Orbelian portrays the Etchmiadzin Cathedral "as a woman in mourning, contemplating her former splendor and exhorting her children to return to their homeland [...] and restore its glory."{{sfn|Hacikyan|Basmajian|Franchuk|Ouzounian|2005|pp=535–536}}