Identifier: animansmanelemen00kell (find matches)
Title: The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology
Year: 1911 (1910s)
Authors: Kellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman), 1867-1937 McCracken, Mary Isabel
Subjects: Zoology Physiology
Publisher: New York, H. Holt and company
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
, the size of the whole animal is ever larger, and theteeth are more and more like horses teeth as we examine thesuccessively younger (more recent) members of the series,until in the rocks of our present epoch we find the bones ofan animal which is essentially identical with the horse as weknow it today. Similar ancestral series have been discovered for thedeer, for certain pond snails, for the ammonites, for manyother kinds of animals, indeed. The first deer in the earlyMiocene had no antlers. In the middle Miocene are foundsmall deer with small two-pronged antlers. In the upperMiocene and lower Pliocene there are larger deer withthree-pronged, larger antlers. In the later Pliocene occurfour and five-pronged antlers, while in the Pleistocene areremains of deer with branching antlers like those of the liv-ing species. The fossil fishes of the earlier geologic periods are allof the simpler, more primitive families of which none orbut few representatives occur today. Of the 12,000 known
Text Appearing After Image:
FOSSIL ANIMALS 285 living species of fishes 11,500 belong to the great groupof Teleostomi or bony fishes, of which the first representativesare found only in Triassic strata. But fossil fishes are knownfrom all the geologic periods from the Silurian on up. Allthe fishes of these earlier millions of years were of moreprimitive shark-like families. Many of these familiesare now wholly extinct and of the others only a few per-sisting species remain. Even those early families of thetrue bony fishes of the Triassic and Jurassic rocks are mostlynow extinct. Most modern families date from Cretaceoustimes. The question may be asked: Are there any fossil menknown? The answer is yes. But man is very young,geologically speaking. No indubitable human bones orrelics have been found in rocks earlier than those of thepresent great epoch, the Quaternary. But this epoch iscertainly already many thousand years old. Man existedin Glacial times. Remains of the mammoth, the cave-lion,cave-bear, and other

Note About Images